(AI) Editorial | Optimizing the Legal Environment for Private Economy
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依法保护民营企业产权和企业家合法权益再出重要司法文件。近日，最高人民法院发布《关于优化法治环境 促进民营经济发展壮大的指导意见》（下称《指导意见》），进一步释放出决策层增强民营企业家信心、支持民营经济发展壮大的积极信号。不过，正所谓“一个行动胜过一打纲领”，《指导意见》须尽快不折不扣地执行，民营经济法治环境才能持续优化。
A significant judicial document has been released, reinforcing the legal protection of private enterprise property rights and the legitimate interests of entrepreneurs. Recently, the Supreme People's Court issued the "Guiding Opinions on Optimizing the Legal Environment to Promote the Development and Growth of Private Economy" (hereinafter referred to as "Guiding Opinions"), further signaling policy makers' commitment to boosting confidence among private entrepreneurs and supporting the development and growth of the private economy. However, as the saying goes, "actions speak louder than words," it is crucial that these "Guiding Opinions" are implemented promptly and fully for a sustained optimization of the legal environment for private economy.
近20年来，力图促进民营经济发展的政策文件不算少。单是中央层面便先后出台了“非公经济36条”等四部专门针对民营经济发展的综合性重要文件。最新一部是今年7月中共中央、国务院印发的《关于促进民营经济发展壮大的意见》。最高法此次发布的《指导意见》便是中央精神在涉企案件审判执行环节的具体落实。《指导意见》提出了27条明确、细化的具体要求。这些要求大多并非首次提出，却仍具有重要的现实意义。
Over the past 20 years, there has been no shortage of policy documents aimed at promoting the development of the private economy. At the central government level alone, four comprehensive key documents specifically targeting private economic development have been issued, including "36 Articles on Non-Public Economy". The most recent one is the "Opinions on Promoting the Development and Growth of Private Economy" issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council in July this year. The "Guiding Opinions" released by the Supreme Court this time are a concrete implementation of central policies in judicial proceedings involving enterprises. The "Guiding Opinions" put forward 27 clear and detailed specific requirements. Although most of these requirements are not proposed for the first time, they still carry significant practical implications.
提到民营经济在中国经济中的地位和作用，人们常津津乐道“五六七八九”（即贡献了50%以上的税收、60%以上的国内生产总值、70%以上的技术创新成果、80%以上的城镇劳动就业、90%以上的企业数量）。然而，这既非唾手可得，又非固若金汤。投资额、工业营收、民企税收等指标显示，民营经济的年均增速正在逐级而下：近五年（2017—2022）平均增速高于近三年，近三年（2019—2022）平均增速高于近一年，去年又高于今年上半年。它既是中国经济增长压力加大的缩影，又拉低了中国经济的增速。这一严峻形势应当引起全社会的警觉。
When discussing the role and status of the private economy in China, people often enthusiastically refer to the "Five-Six-Seven-Eight-Nine" phenomenon (meaning it contributes more than 50% of tax revenue, over 60% of GDP, more than 70% of technological innovation achievements, over 80% of urban employment, and more than 90% of the number of enterprises). However, these figures are neither easily achieved nor unshakeable. Indicators such as investment amount, industrial revenue, and private enterprise tax revenue show that the annual growth rate of the private economy is gradually decreasing: The average growth rate in the past five years (2017-2022) was higher than that in the past three years; The average growth rate in the past three years (2019-2022) was higher than that in the last year; And last year's growth rate was higher than that in the first half of this year. This trend not only reflects increasing pressure on China's economic growth but also slows down its pace. This severe situation should alert society as a whole.
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