Exploring the Path to Data Assetization: The Key is Seamlessly Integrating Recording, Pricing, and Trading
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- A state-owned cultural and creative enterprise in Beijing is attempting to register its business-generated data as assets for future sale on a data exchange, reflecting China's push towards data assetization.
- Policies are accelerating to support data assetization, with Zhejiang issuing the first local data asset confirmation standard and Hainan granting the first data product ownership certificate. From January 1, 2024, data can be included in corporate balance sheets.
- Challenges include determining ownership rights and valuation of data assets. The EU takes a conservative approach focusing on security and privacy, while China encourages data sharing and value enhancement.
文｜财新周刊 杜知航
By Caixin Weekly's Du Zhihang
北京一家文化创意行业国有企业近日正在尝试一件“很新的事”，就是把业务产生的数据登记成资产，并对数据资产进行定价，准备未来在数据交易所出售。但数据资产究竟如何分类登记、定价，未来能否交易、如何交易？公司对这些问题没有处理经验，忙成一团。
A state-owned enterprise in the cultural and creative industry in Beijing is recently trying something "very new": registering the data generated by its business as assets, pricing these data assets, and preparing to sell them on a data exchange in the future. However, the company lacks experience in handling issues such as how to categorize and register data assets, how to price them, whether they can be traded in the future, and how such transactions would be conducted, leaving it in a flurry of activity.
数据资产化、数据交易和数据要素，这些并非新概念。2020年4月，“数据要素”首次作为五大生产要素之一而被提出；2022年12月，中共中央、国务院发布《关于构建数据基础制度更好发挥数据要素作用的意见》（下称“数据要素二十条”），淡化数据所有权、强调使用权，创造性提出建立数据资源持有权、数据加工使用权和数据产品经营权“三权分置”，为数据确权和交易定下基调。
Data assetization, data trading, and data as a factor of production are not new concepts. In April 2020, "data" was first proposed as one of the five essential factors of production. In December 2022, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the "Opinions on Establishing a Fundamental Data System to Better Utilize Data as a Factor of Production" (hereinafter referred to as "Twenty Articles on Data Factors"), which downplayed data ownership in favor of emphasizing rights to use. Innovatively, it proposed establishing a tripartite system for data resources: rights to hold, process/use, and operate data products—setting the tone for data rights confirmation and trading.
近一个月来，相关政策落地明显加速，全国涌现了多个“首例”：2023年12月15日，浙江省推出了全国第一个地方性数据资产确认标准；同日，通过数据交易中心进行数据资产定价的第一单在浙江大数据交易中心（浙江数交所）产生；28日，海南颁发了全国首个数据产品所有权确权凭证。
In the past month, the implementation of related policies has noticeably accelerated, with several "firsts" emerging across the country: On December 15, 2023, Zhejiang Province introduced the nation's first local standard for data asset confirmation. On the same day, the first transaction involving data asset pricing through a data trading center was completed at the Zhejiang Big Data Exchange (ZBDX). On December 28, Hainan issued the country's first ownership certification for a data product.
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