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Beijing Should Bolster Social Security to Boost Consumption, Researchers Say

Published: Apr. 29, 2025  7:38 p.m.  GMT+8
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The government has made boosting consumption its top priority this year, with U.S. tariffs set to undermine trade. Photo: AI generated
The government has made boosting consumption its top priority this year, with U.S. tariffs set to undermine trade. Photo: AI generated

As Beijing focuses on spurring domestic consumption amid mounting external pressures, researchers view strengthening its social security system as crucial, with low-income groups and workers hurt by U.S. tariffs key areas to provide support.

“Low- and middle-income groups should be at the core of the efforts in stimulating consumption,” Zhou Hong, a member of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS), said at a seminar Saturday. “There are some loopholes in the design of the current social security system, hindering efforts to boost consumer confidence.”

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  • Strengthening China’s social security system, especially for low-income and rural residents (about 465 million people), is seen as crucial to stimulate domestic consumption amid rising U.S. tariffs (up to 145%).
  • Experts urge reforms such as narrowing the urban-rural pension gap, expanding unemployment benefits (with over 340 billion yuan available), and raising minimum wages and tax exemptions.
  • Policy focus should be on supporting basic goods consumption and improving healthcare, elderly, and child welfare services to boost confidence and spending.
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