China’s Elderly Population Tops 323 Million as Aging Pressures Mount

China’s elderly population has grown by more than 100 million over the past decade, pushing the country deeper into a demographic shift that is expected to strain its pension system and reshape the economy.

By the end of 2025, China had 323.38 million people aged 60 and older, equal to 23% of the population, according to figures released Friday by the Ministry of Civil Affairs and the Office of the National Working Commission on Aging. That compares with 220 million in 2015, underscoring the speed of the country’s demographic transition.