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U.S. Launches Sweeping Trade Probes Into China, EU and Other Major Economies

Published: Mar. 12, 2026  9:02 p.m.  GMT+8
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New York Harbor, New York, U.S. Photo: VCG
New York Harbor, New York, U.S. Photo: VCG

The Trump administration launched sweeping trade investigations into China, the European Union, Mexico and more than a dozen other economies on March 11, deploying a new legal strategy to impose tariffs after the Supreme Court struck down its previous border levies.

U.S. Trade Representative Jamieson Greer announced during a press teleconference same day that the U.S. will launch trade investigations under Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974 into its trading partners including China, Mexico, the European Union, Japan, India, Vietnam, South Korea, Singapore, Switzerland, Norway, Indonesia, Malaysia, Cambodia, Bangladesh, Thailand and China's Taiwan region. New tariffs that the U.S. may implement following the investigations will replace the reciprocal tariffs that were ruled illegal by the U.S. Supreme Court in February.

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  • The Trump administration launched Section 301 trade investigations on March 11, 2025, targeting China, the EU, Mexico, and over a dozen other economies to enable new tariffs.
  • This shift follows a U.S. Supreme Court ruling in February 2025 that invalidated previous reciprocal tariffs under IEEPA.
  • The administration plans to rebuild tariffs using Section 122, Section 301, and Section 232, aiming to fully restore tariff levels by August 2025.
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