Who breaks laws on China’s stock markets, and what were their crimes?

Thanks to a new report, we know.

Chinese authorities often publish roundups of legal cases they consider “typical,” to alert regulators to what should be on their radars. And now we’re seeing such a report on the country’s stock markets.

The following are three of the most common types of violations on China’s stock market in 2018, according to a list of 20 by the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) – as well as Caixin’s coverage of high-profile cases for each.

1. Illegal information disclosure

Example: Scandal-ridden vaccine maker Changsheng Bio-Technology

CSRC said the infamous vaccine maker, which was found to have produced substandard vaccines and falsified production data, violated information disclosure rules.

The watchdog ordered the company to pay fines and to delist from the stock market. The watchdog also said it has “zero tolerance” towards market parties that “seriously damage public interests” and will quickly investigate and deal with such cases going forward.

2. Market manipulation

Example: Former TV commentator Liao Yingqiang

Liao Yingqiang, formerly host of a popular TV show on finance, engaged in market manipulation by buying stocks before recommending them to his followers on social media, the watchdog said.

In April 2018, the CSRC confiscated Liao’s gains and handed him a fine of 86 million yuan ($13 million).

3. Insider trading

Example: Wang Peng’s insider trading worth 878 million yuan

From 2009 to 2011, Wang Peng, the then-bond trader at China Asset Management, used his post to learn undisclosed information and then engaged in securities trading of 375 stocks with his relatives. His cumulative trading transactions amounted to 878 million yuan, with a personal gain of 17 million yuan.

The CSRC said that such “rat trading” 老鼠仓 (what is known as “front-running” in the U.S.) seriously undermines the trust of the industry and infringes on investor interests.